Liquid-fuel burner.



J. DARLING.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED M10230, 190s.

Patented Sept. 14, 1909.

TosEPH DARLING, or 011100 nurrnn s rrrrns Parana. OFFICE.

RA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SMOKELESS HEAT & POWER COMPANY, OFCLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 30, 1908. Serial No. 69,832.

To all 107mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DARLtNG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicora. in the county of Butler andState of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-FuelBurners, of which the following is a specification.

Wy invention relates to liquid fuel burners designed to burn crudepetroleum, or other similar hydrocarbon, and to be used for heatingretorts in making, or for raising steam, or for any other purpose forwhich it may be desired.

It is an improvement in burners .of that form which employ air underpressure to inject the oil into a cellular burner of retort form, and itconsists in the novel construction and arrangement of the burner and itsaccessories, as will be hereinafter more fully described with referenceto the drawing in which Figure 1. is a perspective view of the burnercomplete. Fig. 2., is a horizontal section taken on line 9- -2 of Fig.4. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 33 of Fig. 4. Fig. l. isan enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line 4---+t of Fig. vl.Fig. 5. is an enlargedrertical section of the spray nozzle and itsfeeding device and, Figs. 6, T, and S are details of the flame. nozzles.

In the. drawing A represents the clongat ed body of the burner which incross section is of elliptical or oval shape and of a size and lengthadapicd to the uses to which it is to be put. It is cast in one piecewith its two ends or heads B and (l, to form an integral structure. Theheads in the middle portion are slightly raised orthicltened, as seen inFig. 1, to give proper depth of seat to the screw plugs a and Zr, and oneach side of the middle. line of the burner between the major and minoraxes of the ellipse is also formed a thickened ledge a to give. properseating space to the parallel rows of flame jet noz zlcs n which arescrewed into holes in said thickened parts. 'lhere'arc two parallel rowsof nozzles arranged in the: upper surface of the. casing to direct theflames upward, and two others which are arranged at the sides in thethickened walls (1 direct the flames downwardly and outwardly.

In casting the burner casing it is made with a plurality oflongitudinally arranged and parallel channels through which the mixtureof oil and air is made to travel in a tortuous course, so as to becompletely gasified before emerging through the jet nozzles n. Thesechannels are formed by partitions p, 2/ cast integrally with the outercasing. These channels are eight in number, three upper ones extendingfrom the top to the middle line, three lower'ones extending from thebottom to the middle line and one on .ach side at the extremity of themajor axis of the ellipse as seen iii Fig. 4. In casting these channelsthere are openings left in the heads B and C, at both ends, whichopenings are arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis of eachchannel and which openings are afterward screw threaded and closed byscrew plugs. a a and b I). These openings are important or permitting ofthe support of the cores used in casting the device, and also forpermitting the cleaning out of the channels of any deposited carbon andother residuum after the burner is put in service. The screw plugs. havesquare wrench lugs so that they maybe conveniently removed whennecessary.

In casting the burner body the two outer vertical partitions of thelower part of the burner stop short of the front head B of the burner,as seen in Fig. 2., and the two inner vertical 1.)artitionsof the upperpart of the burner also stop short of the front head B, as seen in Fig.3. The horizontal partition 72 in like manner stops short of the backend C of the burner also seen in Fig. 3. This causes the oil and air,which enters through pipe D Fig. 2. to traverse the following course;From pipe D Fig. 2. into lower middle channel 1 to the back end of theretort; thence up around the horizontal partition to channel 2 above,see Fig. 3.,and through it to the front end; thence, dividing,

passes equally into the upper side channels- Patented Sept. 14:, 1909. y

and the exterior shape of the burner and its internal partitions aresuch that expanding and contracting strains are so distributed thatthere is no tendency. to crack the casting, since the ellipse incontracting and ex pending accommodates itself perfectly to theexpansion and contraction of the partitions within, thus forming a verydurable burner. and enabling it to withstand'the trying temperaturestrains of the interiorof any lire box.

The jet nozzles 11, form a very simple and practical feature of myinvention which gives it a very wide range of use for secur- 111g eithera concentrated heat, or a 'difi'used heat, according to the use made ofthe burner. That is to say, the jet nozzles n, Figs. 4, 6, 7, and 8,consist of screwplugs which have square lugs 8 adapted to receive awrench for turning them. Through each plug is drilled a straightpassageway 0 which is at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plug.and enters the plug in the corner formed by the lug s and the outerface of the plug; This corner holds the drill ,to

place' in starting the same sov that the inclined passageways can bedrilled through bench of gas retorts, a steain'boiler, etc, but,

as will be seen in Fig. 7. the directionof the jet may be reversed byturning the plug by awrench, and all the nozzles may be so turned as todirect the flames to a'concentrated zone of heating, such for instanceas the glory hole of a glass'furnace. I prefer to make the jet orificeas seen in Figs. 4: and 7, as the drill is easilyv held-to its work andmakes a straight hole which may, if clogged,

' be easily cleaned out by a straight piece of wire, but I may make thej ct orifice as in Fig. 8.,with two drillings at an angleto each other,

' it being essential only that the issue orifice should be at an angleto the longitudinal axis of the plug and at one side of the same andthat the plug should have a wrench lug for giving it rotary adjustment.Another advantage otthis form of jet nozzle is its longevity againstburningout, as it 1s completely embedded in the metal of the casing andis not affected by the heat as a protruding nozzle or tube would be. Oiland air are supplied to the burner from two parallel horizontal pipesseen in. Fig. 1, which extend past the endof the burner and to and past'any number of suchburners.

As before stated the oil and air are in troduced under pressure into thelower mid- I die channel 1 through the feed tube D. This .structed asfollows. the tubular frame d are formed circular eeasee is made with anexternal screw thread i, Fig 5., which 1s screwed into a bushing in thehead B as seen in' Fig. 2. The outer end of the tube D is screwed into aT-fittin y" Fig. 5., into thehorizontal nipple of w ich is screwed theair nozzle 3 taking air from the fitting Y which is placed in-a lengthof pipe as seen in Fig. l. and whichlpipe may. extend past and supplyany number of,

burners. The valve y Fig. 5. has its seat between the fitting Y andthenozzle 3/ so that any burner can be cut ofl from the air a X placedin the lengtlnof oil pipe so that the cutting off of oil from any burnerdoes not interfere with the free passage of oil past that burner toothers in the series. The

fitting X is screwed onto the top of tubular frame d and within thelatter is a tapered bushing 00 which causes the 'oil in descending topass down in a centralized stream. To make the passage of the oilvisible for adjustment purposes, I provide in the tubular' frame (Z aspecial form of sight feed con- Oii opposite sidesof flanged openingsscrew threaded interiorly and having circular glass plates 0 c clampedinto the same by means of externally screw with nicks or notches toreceive a tool by which they may be turned. By means of these rings theglass plates are clamped in place on opposite sides of the tubular framecl so as to form windows through which the passage of oil'in a streamfrom the tapering bushing a may be observed-L thus enabling the actionof the burner to be regulated by actual observation-from the exterior ofthe fire chamber.

The burner as thus described, may be maintained in any desirableposition by an desirable means, but for most purposes i prefer to employa stand S as seen in Fig. l. which sustains it in proper position in theaverage fire chamber, and al space beneath it for a starting fire andfor the circulation of the productsof' combus tiou beneath it.

I'claim,

1. A liquid fuel burner, comprising an outer casing of e lipticalunitary form. in cross section having jet orifices, and constructed withhQlClS and parallel partitions within to form parallel channels openinginto each other for continuous passage, the said partitions and headsbeing formed in one piece with the outer casing as an integralstructure, and both heads being formed ows a proper 4 threaded clamprings r r which are provlded outer casing with openings and the oppositeends of each channel.

2. A, liquid fuel burner, comprising an outer casing of ellipticaltormin cross section having two parallel thickened ledges between themajor and minor axes, rows of jet nozzles arranged in these ledges andparallel channelways within the casing between the rows of nozzles.

3. A liquid fuel burner, comprising an of elliptical. form in crosssection having two parallel thickened ledges between the major and minoraxes, rows 0' jet nozzles arranged in these. lodges, and paralleleliai'inelways Within the casing between the rows of nozzles, therebeing a double tier of communicating ohannelways between the ledges, anda'single channelway at the extremity of the major axis of the ellipseopening directly to the jet nozzles.

LThe combination of a burner casing having jet nozzles, separateparallel air and oil pipes extending across the end of the burner, aninduction pipe entering the burner,

an air nozzle opening into the induction pipe, an air valve betweentheair pipe and air nozzle, a vertical tubular frame arranged betweentheoil pipe and air induction nozzle and having a glazed window in the sideto form a sight feed for oil.

5. The combination with a burner casing. ofa' jet nozzle formed as asolid screw plug having an angular turning lug on its outer end and oneside of said turning I lug and opening externally n a direction atanangle to the having an issue orifice located on' longitmlinal a sisouter casing elliptical major axis of the detachable screw plugs'atlongitudinal axis of the plug and extending through the solid plug toits inner end.

The combination with a burner casing, of a jet nozzle formed as a screwplug having an angular turning lug on its outer end and having an issueorifice located. on one side of said turning lug and opening-externallyin a direction atv an angle to the of the plug, said issue at the cornerbetween orifice being located outer face of the the turning lug and. theplug and the plug in an inclined position.

'7. A liquid fuel burner, comprising an in cross section and providedinternally with a communicating; series of parallel passageways, thepassageways on each side at the extremity of the major axis of theellipse being the last of the series and provided with a plurality ofjet nozzles.

S. A liquid fuel burner comprising an outer casing" elliptical in crosssection and provided internally with a communicating series ot parallelpassageways, the passageways on each side at the extremity of theellipse beingthe last of the series'and provided with a plurality of jetnozzles made rotarily adjustable and having eccentric issue orifices.

In testimony whereof I edit; my signature in pri: vence of twowitnesses.

' JOSFlH Witnesses I j E. W. BYllN Jr., C. M. Fonnns'r.

DARLINi-l.

heing extended straight through

